Concrete revetment.



J. McGILLIVHAY..

CONCRETE REVETMENT.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-7. |915.

1,154,867.v Patentedsept. 28, 1915.

COLUMBIA PLANDGRAPH c0..wA5HlNG. 0N. D. C.

isrnation JAMES MCGILLIVRAY, OF SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA.

CONCRETE REVETMENT.

Application filed January 7, 1915.

To all whom it may concern Be itlrnovvn. that l, .latins MGGILLIVRAY, a citizen of the United States, residing. at Sacramento, inV thek county of Sacramento and State of California, have invented certainnevv and useful lmprovements'in Concrete Revetmen-ts, of Which the following` is a specification.4

This invention relates to revetmentsA and particularly to revetments made'l from concrete.

Itvcontemplates such improvements in this class of inventions as .shall make the laying thereof more expeditious and less expensive. |These purposes are chiefly accomplishedby constructing the concrete slabs a situ. Other improvements relating to the reinforcement thereof and toV their union in a continuous pliable mattress or revetment yare attendantlupon this mode of construction.

The invention therefore consists in; the construction ofk partstheir association and combination for the purpose specified substantially as hereinafter set forth and claimed.

The, accompanying drawing forms a part of thisrspecification and therein- Figure 1 illustrates in plan a portion of the impro-ved revetment in course of construction; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section thereof through the broken line 2-2g and Fig. 3 is an edge view of one of the sleepers upon which the units or slabs of the revetment may be laid.

In this invention it is practicable to form they units or slabs of the revetment much larger than heretofore designedv since they are formed in place upon the levee or embankment tobe-protected. 1f the contour of the levee will permittheymay be from 3 to 5 feet Wide and from 10 to 15 long and from 3 to 5 inchesfthick. The size depends on the pliabilitv reouired inthe: mattress to prevent rupture of-the units and upon the facility in construction of the units.

- ln the drawings-5, 5 and 5 indicate the units or slabs and 6, 6 the sleepers upon which the ends of the slabs preferably rest. These sleepers may be molded in channels formed in the embankment and extended Specification of Lettersatent.

lcated at 12 yand 13 ,and at Patented Sept. 23S, 1915.

Serial No; 934.

fromfthebottom'to the top thereof and may be in one continuous strip as indicated at 6 or inseveral lengths or sections as indicated at 6 VWhere they arevpreferably joined together by ties 7 The sections of the sleepers may obviously be `made elsewhere and brought to the place of use and there embedded. yThey areL usually laid flush With the surface of the embankment as indicated in, Fig. 2 so that the slabs may rest upon said lsurface lthrou ghout.

."Whenv the sleepers have been laid then I longitudinal reinforcing members S consisting of rods or preferably cables are stretched along kthe ,levee and anchoring cables 9 are located up and down the bank being anchored at one or both endsv in any desired Welllrnovvn manner. rlhe anchoring cables being molded into the slabs serve as reinforcingmembers as Well.

lnY molding the slabs in place their confines may be determined by any suitable forms of Wood or metal. A form for the purpose is typified at 10 lWith a slaby 5 constructed therein. It is preferable that the side, or sides of the form, 11 for example, against an adjacent slab shall be as thin as practicable so that the spaces between the slabs shalljbe as narrow as possible. The manner vof forming these joints is Wholly immaterial so long as the slabs constitute distinctunits and a pliable mattress is produced.

At the sleepers, or between the ends of adjacent tiers of slabs, Whether or not sleepers are useda suficient space is left to com pensate for longitudinal expansion and contraction ofthe slabs. These spaces are indithe latter no sleeper is used. The expansion jointsmay be provided at greater intervals than one tier as indicated at theleft in Figs. 1 and 2 Where no provision is made for expansion at twov successive joints 13 and 13". rlhe anchoring cables may also be omitted from someV of the intermediate tiers as indicated by their Vabsence from the tier of slabs 5.

Since the slabs are for the most part mold edV onto the longitudinal reinforcing members 8 and thereby rigidly fixed thereto com- 1 them undue slack.

of said cables where they cross the expansion l joints will providesuiicient compensation. As indicated at 14: a cable 8 emerging from one slab may pass in an oblique direction to its location `in the proximate slab of the adjacent tier. Such Obliquity mayy bel in the plane of the slabs or counter thereto as indicated at 14 in Fig. 2. Such compensation may beeifected by ymeans of kinks as indicated at 15 and 16 but in these instances thel kinks must be united by interlocking as at 15 -orby a link as at 16 in order to make the cables sufficiently taut. rlhe compensating kinks may be united to some other part of the revetmentas to the sleepers by passing them around pins 17 andV 17 or hooks 18 secured in the sleepers. As indicated at 16 and 17 these kinks may also be utilized to tie the longitudinal rows of slabs together at their ends, directly as at 1G and indirectly as at 17 Vwhere both slabs are tied to the same Compensation for transverse expansion and contraction of the slabs is provided for and strain upon the anchoring cables distributed by rigidly fixing alternate slabs tosaid cables, the cables being permitted to pass freely through the intermediate slabs. The Yslabs loose upon the anchoringwcables are indicated at 5. In molding these slabs in place tubes represented at 19 are located on the cables within the forms and when the concrete has sufliciently hardened they are pulled from the slab and slid alongvthe cables ready for subsequent'useA as indicated at 19.` y

Where the longitudinal reinforcingmembers 8 extend through a number of slabs between expansion joints it is also well to pro- Y vide for their free passage through the slabs of alternate tiers.

Such free passage is indicated in slabs 5 in the tier between joints '13 and 13. Provision for this free passage in slabs 5 may be made as in slabs above described. The freedom of movement thus provided adds pliability to amattress of slabs thereby enabling Vit to settle in conformity with any settling of the surface covered and without breaking slabs or cables.

Where a portion of a revetment is to be constructed under water the slabs must be brought ready-made to the place of use. Thestructure patented to me onV September 29, 1914:, No. 1,112,018 is wll adapted for the portion under water and with it the present invention can bereadily associated since the anchoring cables of said patented structure extend parallel up the bank the same as in the present instance and will serve as anchoring cables and reinforcement for the exposed portiony of the revetment to be built n az'tu.V Y V The expansion joints may be filled or left open Vas desired. When no` sleeper is used under said joints it is well to fill them,fas

being spaced apart to leave expansion joints between them, and reinforcing members passing throughsaid slabs and crossing said Vjoints in directions deviating from those connectingV through the slabs, and meansfor in said jointsthe parts of the reinforcing members lying between longitudinally adja-V Acent slabs to like parts of such 'members' lying between proximate longitudinally adjacent slabs.v 1 Y 2r. A revetment consisting of Vupwardly` extending .tiers ofconcrete slabs, saidV tiers being Vspaced apart tofleave expansion joints between them, reinforcing members passing through said slabs transversely of said `tiersv Y and crossing said joints at an angle to their Y general direction, and upwardly extending anchoring-cables passing through said slabs.

revetmentV consisting of upwardly extending tiers of concrete slabs joined together bytransversely extending reinforcing members and upwardly extending cables traversingtlie slabsof each tier and'being` anchored in some slabs while passing freely through others for the purpose specied.

4. In a revetment an upwardly extending tier of horizontally disposed slabs and anv clioring cables passing said tier, apart of said slabs being rigidly fixed to said cables while said cables pass freely through holes slabs. f

5. In a revetment reinforcing members of concrete slabs having said members molded rigidly thereto and intermediate slabsthrough which said upwardly through iio in theY intermediate the 'combination `with members pass freely for the purpose Vspeci- Y fied.

6, 'A revetment consisting. of upwardly extending sleepers and slabs of concrete laid transversely of saidv their proximate ends spaced apart to leave reinforcing members traversing 'said slabs andcrossing said joint at an angle to their direction through the slabs, and an elastic filling in said Vjoint for thepurpose specified.

located thereon and sleepers and having i an expansion j oint7 A revetment consisting of upwardly extending sleepers'embedded in the surface to be protected, slabs of concrete laid trans- 'f versely of said sleepers and having their proximate ends located thereon, horizontally extending reinforcing members traversing said slabs successively and upwardly eXtending anchoring cables also traversing said slabs and being anchored in some of them While passing freely through others.

In testimony whereof I have axed my signature in presence of tWo Witnesses.

CLINTON E. HARBER, W. GEORGE SPILMAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing they Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

